Ulysses S. Grant
Lesson: Use strategy, determination, and flexibility to achieve a difficult end goal.
Oprah became the most influential person in America due to a combination of skills: her ability to speak with credibility and candor, her ability to empathize and seem like every woman, and her confessional style that made you trust her, so you will be practicing these, plus others.
Speaking comfortably from the heart
Developing rapport through empathy
Interviewing others as if you were best friends
Using self-revelation to spark candid dialogue
Focusing on emotions to create a sense of intimacy
Nurturing others to succeed
Employing spiritual tactics to aid self-discovery and self-motivation
Looking for a next step toward your growth
Winfrey was born out of wedlock into poverty in rural Mississippi and spent the first few years of her life with her grandmother, who was a strict disciplinarian. Her grandmother recognized Winfrey’s intelligence at an early age and taught her to read and encouraged her academically. No longer able to care for a child, Oprah was sent to live with her mother, a housecleaner, and step siblings in Milwaukee, where the lack of guidance and supervision permitted her to run wild. A problem child, her mother sent her to Nashville to live with her father and stepmother who provided a stable family environment. There she excelled in school and co-anchored a news program at a local radio station while still a teenager. A naturally-gifted orator and interviewer, Winfrey parlayed her local success as a news anchor into an anchor opportunity in the larger market of Baltimore. However, she was still in her early twenties and lacked the maturity required of an anchor desk and was eventually demoted to the host of their morning talk show. She found her calling on that show, which was a big success, and eventually landed the job hosting AM Chicago.
Her morning show quickly became the number one talk show, beating out Phil Donahue, who dominated the genre, was expanded to an hour, renamed The Oprah Winfrey Show, and syndicated nationally. She was known for addressing topics that were formally considered taboo, like incest, child molestation, women’s sexuality, and racism, while also sharing intimate details of her own life, including her struggles with her weight. At the same time, she pursued an acting career, getting an Oscar nomination for her role of Sophia in The Color Purple. To ensure her rating as number one, Oprah planned more and more daring topics during sweeps weeks with good and bad results. She won an Emmy for bringing her show to all-white Forsyth County to explore racism. She also did a show on devil worship, which devolved into anti-Semitic tropes. When she became known as the Queen of Trash TV, spawning the likes of Jerry Springer, Maury Povich, Ricki Lake, and many others, she decided to make a change in the content of her shows and focus on helping her audience improve their lives.
As part of this effort, she introduced new segments including a book club and Oprah’s favorite things, where she recommended products and often gifted them to her audience. She began allowing politicians on her show and introduced the world to new age gurus like Eckhart Tolle and Marianne Williamson and mental and physical health experts like Dr. Oz and Dr. Phil. During this time, she became known as the most influential person in America and a mention on Oprah’s show could bring instant success to a book or product. She’s sometimes credited with handing George W. Bush the election over Al Gore because Bush did a better interview.
While she was building her reputation, she was also building a multimedia empire, one step at a time. Unhappy with her talent agent, Oprah replaced him with entertainment lawyer, Jeffrey Jacobs, who encouraged her to control and own all aspects of her show. She started Harpo Productions, which started as the production company for her show, then built an entire studio, and went on to produce several talks shows, among them Dr. Phil, Dr. Oz, and Rachael Ray, as well as creating award-winning films and TV shows, Broadway shows, and a lifestyle magazine. Most recently, Winfrey launched her own cable network, OWN. The mission of most of her media creations has been self-improvement, health and spiritual well-being, and living well. She uses her own pursuit of happiness and fulfillment as a platform to encourage others in their own pursuit. After becoming the first African-American woman billionaire, she devoted more time to philanthropy and political activism. Among her accomplishments are advocating for the National Child Protection Act, a bill to protect children from child abuse, the Angel Network, an national effort promoting volunteerism and charitable contributions, a school for girls in South Africa, and bringing national attention to the then-unknown senator from Illinois, Barack Obama.
While no longer hosting a daily talk show, she still exercises her influence and remains relevant through a multitude of high profile project, such as interviews with Michael Jackson’s victims of sexual abuse, and an intervention for Lindsey Lohan, a child star in a downward spiral, sponsoring events like The Life You Want weekend, offering self-help webinars, co-producing movies, and co-writing books. Her name has become a noun, verb, and adjective in the vernacular describing her empathetic, emotional style (Oprahfication), her ability to extract confessions (you got Oprah’d), and the commercial consequences of her recommendations (the Oprah treatment), cementing her status as an American icon.
Perfect your listening skills – Winfrey often takes the pose of leaning towards her guests with her chin resting on her hand when listening. While listening, nod your head, make sounds of agreement, and maintain eye contact. Imagine yourself as that other person. Make sure you understand them completely by rephrasing their words and interpreting their feelings.
Master rapport-building techniques – Be cognizant of the body language, speech patterns, and types of words used by others. Find authentic ways to match the body language of the other person. For instance, if the other person has crossed legs, cross your legs in your usual fashion. Match the person’s speed of speech and use similar inflection. Pay careful attention to words and phrases used and use those in your response.
Build empathy – When listening or conversing with others, put yourself in their shoes both as you listen and as you speak. Imagine what they are feeling and what you think they need to hear, before you speak. Probe for more information and to find out what the other person wants before making your own needs known.
Reveal your emotions – Lead a conversation by talking about your feelings, your own insecurities, and your hopes and wishes. Find relevant personal stories that you can use to relate to the situation at hand and show that you have experienced what others are experiencing. To help you, use “I feel” statements to open up dialogue, especially uncomfortable conversations, for example: “I feel like you don’t agree with this. What do you really think?”
Find the greater context for your work to inspire others – Often the value of our work can get lost in the execution of the details. Remind others of how your work contributes to the organization and/or the world and of the value you are creating for others.
Ask the hard questions – Do what it takes to get at the internal beliefs and conflicts that are holding people back. Surface conflicts so that they can be addressed. Keep asking “why?” to get at those.
Be positive – View setbacks as challenges to be overcome. Life is the journey and not a destination, and obstacles are part of the path. Failures are trying to tell you something.
Aim to please – You value popularity and strive to be likeable. You derive happiness from making others happy. Be reluctant to say no.
Offload the dirty work – Because you want to be liked, you have a hard time refusing others. Oprah partnered with others who could be the bad cop to her good cop. Find someone who can do the same for you.
Ensure your interests are top priority – When network executives mentioned how much they liked her agent, Oprah suspected that he wasn’t doing his best for her. She fired him and found someone completely devoted to her interests. Her subsequent contracts gave her larger and larger pieces of the pie until she controlled her own media empire.
Be nurturing – Show concern for your team and peers. You are interested in their overall well-being and not just what needs to happen at work today. Believe that everyone should bring their whole being to work.
Dress – Winfrey is quite glamorous and stylish and obviously takes great care and pride in her appearance. Over the years, her appearance has changed frequently, with a varying weight gains and losses. Her hairstyles also change frequently, even daily. While you are being Winfrey, you will need to pay careful attention to your personal grooming and your clothing. You should also find ways to change your appearance on a daily basis like styling your hair differently or wearing clothes you would not normally wear. Combine your clothes in new and interesting ways to reinvent your look frequently.
Speech – Winfrey does not rein in her emotions. She can be boisterous, gushing, or sentimental, but she always speaks from the heart. Speak passionately and loudly. Use popular colloquialisms to show you are “hip” and try to energize those around you. Don’t be afraid to be earthy. Mentioning things like your stomach is rumbling or you need to pee make you more relatable.
Hone your oratory skills – When Oprah was young, her grandmother recognized her talent for oration and encouraged her to learn Bible verses and other passages to recite in public. She performed these at churches around Nashville. In school, she continued to refine her oratory skills by competing in dramatic recitation and oration contests and winning awards. Her mellifluous voice and comfort with public speaking helped her land her first break in radio news and provided the backbone for her anchoring jobs and then her talk show. Now she is a much sought-after speaker, and you can find dozens of her speeches on YouTube. Her ease with candid, emotional, and often intimate speeches contributes to her ability to influence others. The following activities will help you master Oprah’s speaking style.
Practice dramatic recitation – Find a dramatic speech or passage that speaks to you, a piece that stirs your emotions, and practice it in many different styles until you’ve learned it by heart. Be very dramatic and act it out using different voices, cadences, tones, and volume. Your goal is to bring your audience to tears.
Create your own TED Talk on your passion – Choose a topic you’re passionate about and begin writing a speech. Watch Oprah’s 2018 Golden Globes Acceptance speech for inspiration. Follow this formula:
Manifest your passion – Oprah is a fan of The Secret, which states that your thoughts can bring about positive changes. First, you need to pray or put your request out to the universe, then believe that your prayer will be answered, and, finally, be open to receiving the gift in whatever form it takes. Part of this process is to visualize what you want, in order to make it concrete in your mind. Keep in mind that Oprah is not a visionary. She built her career one step at a time without having a master plan, so your request should be a small step toward your passion, not a grand vision. Draw a picture of yourself with your request fulfilled and revisit that picture at least once a day to keep it in your thoughts.
Connect your passion to your purpose – One of Winfrey’s favorite guest was a woman from Zimbabwe, Tererai Trent, who was born into extreme poverty in a remote village. Tererai dreamed of coming to America and getting an education. After years of poverty, Tererai eventually realized her dream, even pursuing a PhD. When she was young, Tererai wrote down her dreams and buried them under a rock. Write down three life goals and find a place to hide them. Remind yourself daily of their existence.
Perfect your interviewing skills – In addition to being a gifted orator, Oprah conducts remarkably open and candid interviews with her guests, so well that the phrases “You got Oprah’d” means someone extracted a confession from you, and “Oprahfication” means increased attention to emotional states and personal problems. When people think of empathy, Oprah is one of the first people who come to mind, and her empathy with her guests and audience are part of what make her a trusted influencer. Use the following steps to practice an empathetic interview.
Perform your speech – Find opportunities to perform your speech and your dramatic recitation. You didn’t learn these to keep them secret. At a minimum, you can record and post on social media, but there’s no substitute for performing in front of a live audience. It’s okay to tell people that you are imitating Oprah if that gives you the courage to take the stage.
Share a revealing story – Oprah shared many personal details of her life on her show, including her sexual abuse as a child, her teenage pregnancy, and use of crack cocaine. While criticized for oversharing, this intimacy established trust with her audience. People felt that they knew everything about her, as they would a friend. In a social situation, reveal something personal about yourself that you wouldn’t normally share. See if that revelation leads to a more personal conversation.
Give small gifts – Winfrey famously gives gifts to her audience, some being quite extravagant, like cars or trips. While you cannot be expected to buy your friends and associates new cars, find small gifts that you can share, like bringing in bagels or donuts to work, or buying funny souvenirs for your friends, to make the people around you feel special and appreciated. Better yet, if you’re crafty, make personalized mementos. And be the person who instigates celebrations for birthdays, anniversaries, and small wins.
Share what interests you – Winfrey is also known for her “My favorite things” segment of her show. Begin sharing some of your favorite things, for instance bringing in favorite foods, sharing articles, music, or videos and also start recommending books, movies, TV shows, products, or retailers. Be sure you let people know why you are recommending it as one of your favorite things.
Expand your role – A noteworthy aspect of Winfrey’s career is her ability to recognize opportunities and grow her business. Each of her successes opened a door for a new success. She parlayed her hosting job into ownership of her show, then ownership of a production company, then a full-blown studio, then more shows, and eventually a multi-media empire, all one step at a time. She had no grand plan to enact, rather, at each decision point she obtained more control over her fate. Oprah was mindful of the “slave mentality” where you worked to please your boss. She wanted to be her own boss and have creative control over her endeavors. Your activity will be to evaluate your current work and find ways to expand it and/or own it. Some ideas are to take on full ownership for a particular task or create a larger audience for your work. Look for a small step rather than a big leap in responsibility.
Nurture others to succeed at what you do – Winfrey helped start the careers of successful TV personalities Rachael Ray, Dr. Phil and Dr. Oz. Oprah met Dr. Phil when she hired his firm as trial consultants in a lawsuit filed by the Texas beef industry. Afterward, she invited him to be a guest on her show where he became a regular fixture until Harpo Productions launched the Dr. Phil show. Similarly, Winfrey groomed Ray and Oz through appearances on her show before they went on to host their own. Your activity will be to groom someone else in what you do, but they shouldn’t be a direct imitation (or your competition.) The new shows were different from Oprah. Find someone who wants to learn part of your job and start inviting that person to your meetings, sharing some of your managerial responsibilities, and, if applicable, allowing them to manage another team member. Throughout this process, provide coaching on how to perform the work and positive feedback to build confidence.
Lesson: Use strategy, determination, and flexibility to achieve a difficult end goal.
Lesson: Challenge yourself and others to boldly go where no man has gone before.
Lesson: Use candor and simple rules and structures to improve efficiency and transparency.
Lesson: Create a creative and productive environment by providing camaraderie, challenging work, and time for reflection.
Lesson: Challenge yourself and others to boldly go where no man has gone before.
Lesson: Develop organizational strength through inclusion, diversity, and dialogue
The icons are useful when conducting any kind of port mortem or difficult conversations, like project, progress, or performance reviews.
Each person chooses a card that reflects the perspective he wants the other to hear. One person shows the card, and, together, both brainstorm the feedback that the persona would give. Repeat using the second person’s chosen card. Both compare and contrast the feedback and agree on lessons going forward. If deadlocked or otherwise desired, they can choose a third card and perform the feedback again
Use the icons at the start of project or with a team to understand each person’s default behaviors and identify potential conflicts.
Each person chooses three cards: one that best represents her, one that she would most like to work with on the project, and one she would least like to work with. Each discusses her picks and agrees to actions for working together.
The goals are to create awareness of missing skills and traits on the team, use the personalities to fill those gaps, and to improve team creativity by role-playing other perspectives.
Review the cards to determine which personas the team needs but is lacking. Conducting the expectations setting exercise first may help. Create virtual seats for these leaders and assign team members the responsibilities for representing these perspectives.
During brainstorming, choose cards at random and generate ideas as the leader personas. Alternately, team members can act as the leaders during the meetings.
At the end of the meeting, each participant, including the meeting leader, chooses a card, either randomly or deliberately, and takes turns providing feedback in the manner of the personality. Alternately, the meeting leader can choose cards at random and ask participants for feedback in that leader’s perspective.
1. Look through the profiles and read the summary sections with the lessons, goals, principles, traits, and values. Find one that “speaks” to you or that has a lesson you could use at the moment. Liking the person or sharing that person’s values is irrelevant, though it may require slightly more effort on your part.
2. Keep in mind that you control the experience and can adopt as much or as little as you feel comfortable doing. Most of the changes you will be making will be internal, in your thought processes and resultant behaviors, and you are not expected to impersonate someone outwardly like you would for Halloween or a play.
3. Explanation of sections:
4. It should take you somewhere between 1-3 weeks to master the character. We recommend that you plan on two weeks, and continue if you need more time to fully internalize the persona. Thinking like the persona or exhibiting their behaviors without thinking are signs that you have internalized the skills. We encourage you to tell the people you are with what you are doing so that they can help you master the character and provide feedback. It’s perfectly acceptable to ask others what they think that person would do.
5. If you have trouble getting started or feel stuck, just ask yourself “What would this person do?